| 研究课题：大肠、结肠、直肠，咖啡、无因咖啡、茶和癌的关系
供稿：癌因素控制中心，米兰，意大利
主要内容：从 1990 年到 2003 年间关于咖啡、无因咖啡，茶和结肠癌危险之间的关系的论文正在被回顾。对于咖啡、病症群落
(517个病例) 和9个案例 (7555个病例) 分析其与结肠癌的关系；三个候群(307个病例) 和四个案例(2704个病例)
对直肠癌进行了研究；六个案例 (854个病例)对结肠癌进行了研究大部分研究表明对结肠癌的风险仍然不明朗。一个包括5个候群和12情案例的间位分析报道了高达0.76风险。这种反比关系依照地点和环境的不同而不同。有可能真实的的生物学解释包括了咖啡对大肠,
结肠中包括胆固醇，胆汁酸和中性的固醇分泌的降低作用; 其原因是咖啡能够促进结肠的蠕动。无咖咽因的咖啡则没有显示出这样的作用。对于茶来说，在1756个病例,759
直肠的和结肠的癌中与12个案例中，也没有这种关系。
结论：含咖啡因咖啡可减少大肠、结肠癌的患病几率。
Coffee,
decaffeinated coffee, tea and cancer of the colon and rectum:
a review of epidemiological studies, 1990-2003.
Tavani
A, Vecchia CL. Cancer Causes Control. 2004 Oct;15(8):743-57.Biol
Sci D, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan,
Italy
The
literature from 1990 to 2003 on the relation between coffee,
decaffeinated coffee, tea and colorectal cancer risk has been
reviewed. For the relation with coffee, three cohort (517
total cases) and nine case-control studies (7555 cases) analysed
colon cancer; three cohort (307 cases) and four case-control
studies (2704 cases) rectal cancer; six case-control studies
(854 cases) colorectal cancer. For colon cancer most case-control
studies found risk estimates below unity; the results are
less clear for cohort studies. No relation emerged for rectal
cancer. A meta-analysis, including five cohort and twelve
case-control studies, reported a pooled relative risk of 0.76
(significant). Any methodological artefact is unlikely to
account for the consistent inverse association in different
countries and settings. Plausible biological explanations
include coffee-related reductions of cholesterol, bile acids
and neutral sterol secretion in the colon; antimutagenic properties
of selected coffee components; increased colonic motility.
Decaffeinated coffee was not related to either colon or rectal
cancer in three case-control studies. No overall association
between tea and either colon or rectal cancer risk emerged
in seven cohort (1756 total cases of colon, 759 of rectal
and 60 of colorectal cancer) and 12 case-control studies (8058
cases of colon, 4865 of rectal, 604 of colorectal cancer).
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